The acronym ‘OLED’ stands for Organic Light-Emitting Diode, which is a technology that uses LEDs to produce light from organic molecules. These organic LEDs are used to make what is regarded as the best display panels in the world.
A series of organic thin films are sandwiched between two conductors to create OLED displays. A bright light is emitted when an electrical current is applied. A simple design that has many advantages over other display technologies.
OLEDs enable emissive displays, which means that each pixel is individually controlled and emits its light (unlike LCDs in which the light comes from a backlighting unit). OLED displays have excellent image quality, with bright colours, fast motion, and, most importantly, a high contrast ratio. Specifically, “true” blacks (that cannot be achieved in LCDs due to the backlighting). Because of the simplicity of the OLED design, it is also relatively simple to produce flexible and transparent displays.
An OLED display works on the same principle as an LED display, but in a slightly different way. To produce light, an LED panel requires a dedicated backlighting setup. An OLED panel, on the other hand, can generate its light. All of this is made possible by specially designed OLED diodes.
An OLED diode is composed of six layers, two of which retain organic properties. When current is passed through these diodes, the organic layers produce light, which is then processed by a colour refiner to produce the image on the screen. Because these panels do not need to be backlit,
Today, OLEDs are mostly found in mobile devices, including many high-end smartphones. Over 500 million OLED panels are produced each year by various display manufacturers, and the market is expanding as OLEDs provide better image quality, smaller form factors, and flexibility — all of which are difficult to achieve with LCDs.
OLEDs can also be used to make TVs; some of the world’s best TV panels are made using cutting-edge OLED technology. Several TV manufacturers use OLED technologies to create award-winning premium OLED TVs with exceptional image quality and ultra-thin form factors.
Other players are expected to enter this market shortly with new technologies such as ink-jet-printed OLEDs and quantum-dot hybrid OLEDs.
OLEDs are a relatively new display technology that is still advancing at a rapid pace. While many flexible OLED panels are already in use, next-generation displays are in the works, promising innovations such as foldable devices, followed by rollable and stretchable displays.
The next generation of OLED displays will most likely focus on foldable panels, which will enable new mobile device form factors. Consider phones that can be opened to become tablets or smartwatches that can be opened to provide smartphone-sized displays.
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